Sometimes many scars from old pricks can be seen on the arm. This should make the nurse aware of previous difficulties with blood sampling.
Even when the nurse tries to find the best blood vessel to prick, she may not be able to locate a good visible sufficiently big blood vessel to prick, and thus a small blood vessel has to be pricked to obtain a blood specimen. This can result in a painful pricking and possible hematoma.
This superficial hematoma is a visible blue-black patch beneath a fair skin complexion. It is not instantly visible, but becomes visible an hour or two after pricking or blood sampling. It is itchy and painful, even a day after blood taking. It still prevails and becomes less painful with time.
Clearance of the blue-black patch will take some time, as the macrophages clear cell and blood debris under the skin. It will clear entirely and the pain will disappear without treatment.
However, if the blue-black patch is very painful, bulging and expanding, then it is better to return to hospital and seek treatment.
External links
https://www.labce.com/spg549505_hematoma.aspx
https://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/TUTORIAL/PHLEB/PHLEB.html
https://www.rxlist.com/hematoma/drugs-condition.htm
https://static1.squarespace.com/static/594ab51229687f2da30c9f34/t/5b55eb3903ce640becb0c22e/1532357437581/PHLEBOTOMY+BOOK.PDF
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