APOE4 Gene and outcome of TBI
For the past ten years research has shown, then not shown, an association between comparatively worse outcome in patients with TBI who harbor the APOE4 gene. A meta-analysis (Zhou, W., et al. 2008) showed that the APOE4 gene was significantly associated with poor outcome of TBI six-months after injury, but was not associated with the initial severity of brain injury following TBI. There are many difficulties in showing this in the litigation context, since genetic testing for this purpose is not well received by treating physicians and many facilities are unwilling to do this type of genetic testing. However, brain injury litigators need to keep trying to screen for this, especially in cases where the patient has a comparatively bad outcome which is being contested by the insurance company. Source: http://www.braininjury.com/research-archive.html
Saturday, 5 December 2009
Sunday, 20 September 2009
Stroke & Articulation Error
Multimedia Speech Pathology
Pelat or telor (Malay/Bahasa Malaysia, pelat; Kelantan, telor, kecek telor) is articulation error. It is not due to stroke or brain injury. It can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (after birth). It can arise from articulators mechanism, which involve muscles of the tongue, palates (soft & hard palates)(Malay lelangit, langit-langit), labia (lips; Malay bibir), jaw and aevolar ridge (Malay hujung langit-langit berhampiran gigi).
Dysarthria is a speech problem. Possible causes are stroke or brain injury (fall affecting the head, shot in the head, concussion, hit on the head by foregin object, etc). It involves 5 components - respiration/breathing, resonance, phonation, articulation and ______.
Aphasia is resultant from stroke or brain injury. It is an acquired speech & language disorder.
Speech apraxia is the inability to reproduce sounds after hearing them. It involves voluntary (volitional) and involuntary (involitional) conditions. It is a processing problem.
More at www.mmsp.com.au
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